Machine for reducing logs to paper-stock



(No Model.) l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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MAGHINB POR REDUGING LOGS'TO PAPER STOCK, 8m, No. 306,979. Patented Oct. 21., 1884.

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SAMUEL S. TERRIER-OF LAVRENGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR REDUCING LHOGS TO PAPERSTOCK&C.

SPECIFICATIQN farming part of Letters Patent No. 306,979, dated October 21, 1884.

Application filed May 14, 1884. (No model.)

To all 107mm/ it may concern:

Beit known that I, SAMUEL S. Wennen, of Lawrence, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Reducing Logs to Stock; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention has relation to improvements in machines for reducing logs of wood of various sizes to fiber, chips, or shavings, for the manufacture of paper-pulp or for other purposes 5 and the object of these improvements is to obtain from the surface of the log a product of any desired uniform length and size by a minimum expenditure of power and in a more expeditious and effective manner. The

novelty therein consists in the employment of a pair of cutters arranged to revolve in opposite directions and to act simultaneously at opposite points upon the surface of the log its entirelength; in means for automatically and continuously adj ustingsaid cutters toward the center of the log,in order that it may be reduced in diameter as the cutters remove the stock; in a series of circular cross-cut knives arranged upon a mandrel parallel with and intermediate the rotary cutters, and of a number sufficient to divide or cut the surface of the log its entire length simultaneously in one revolution; in means adapting said knives to a self-adj usting positive yet yielding contact with the surface of the log; and in other details of construction and arrangement of these and several other operative elcmentsofthe machine, all as more fully hereinafter described, and pointed outin `the claims.

For a better understanding of the details of construction, arrangement, and operation of my improved machine, attention is invited to the accompanying drawings, in which-d Figure 1 illustrates in plan view a machine constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the same, and Fig. 3 views in detail of the series of circular crosscut knives and their mandrel.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The frame of the machine is open at its eenter, and consists,preferably, of fourbed-pla-tes or extensions, A A and B B, supported Vby suitable feet or standards, a a.

The log` from which the product is obtained is supported above the open center of the frame by a lathe of the usual construction, mounted upon the bed-plates or extensions A A, and consisting of the tail-stock C, carrying the adjusting screw-spindle b, and the headstock C', carrying the live-spindle b', with a chuck, b, upon its end. Thelog is held between these spindles b and b', and is rotated by a belt, b, coming from any suitable drivingpower and passing around the cone-pulley bL on the live-spindle b. The cone-pulley is a necessary element in this lathe, as it permits of changes in the speed of rotation of the log relative to the desired width of the product; but ordinarily the log is rotated at a slow rate of speed. f

D D denote the two rotary cutters, which are mounted upon carriages arranged upon the bed-plates or extensions B B at right angles to the lathe which supports and rotates the log intermediate said cutters. These cutters are arranged to act simultaneously at 0pposite points upon the surface of the log, and

leach consists, essentially, of four or moresteel blades of uniform length equal to that of a shaft or cutter-block, c, to which said blades are secured, preferably, in a way th at they may be readily removed and substituted by others. These shafts or cutter-blocks with their blades have end bearings in journal-boxes d d, located on the upper corners of the carriages These journal-boxes each have a hinged cap, d', suit-ably adapted at its free end to fit over a screw-threaded bolt, di, and by applying a hand-nut, d, the caps are secured, and by removing said nuts the journal-boxes may be opened and the cutters removed and substituted by others, or, if dull, they may be sharpened and quickly returned to thcirbearings. The Acutters rotate and act upon the log in opposite directions at a very rapid rate of speed, and this rotation is obtained through the medium of belts c c, which pass aro'und pulleys c c", mounted upon one end of the shafts of the critters and communicate with any suitable driving-power.

The carriages E E, which support the rotary cutters, travel over the surface of the bedplates or extensions B upon tracks f f, and

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are fed forward toward cach other and toward the log` by the screw-shafts F l?. These screwshafts pass one through the base of each earriage and engage at their outer ends with worm -screws g y, which are secured upon shafts 7L 71, each arranged parallel with the outer edges of the bed-plates or extensions B B, and supported in suitable brackets, 71, t, secured to the same. The shafts 7i it each have on one end a bevel-pinion, i, andare operated simultaneously by bevcl-pinions t" i', provided on the ends ot' a shaft, G, which is arranged parallel with the bed-plates or extensions ll l, and ata right angle to the shafts l1 71. This shaft G passes through and is supported by the bed-plate or extension A, supporting the head-stock oft-he lathe, and at a point near one of its endsis provided with a bevel-pinion, 7x, which meshes with a similar pinion, 7.1', mounted on the inner end ot' a shaft, ll. This shaft ll.' is arranged parallel. with the bed-plate or extension A, supporting the head-stock ofthe lathe, and is mounted in brackets Z Z, secured y to one side of said bed-plate or extension A. Upon the outer end ot' this shaft is provided a large driving-pulley, ll', which by m xans ot a belt, in., communicates with and is rotated by a pulley, n, on the outer end ot' the livespindle of the lathe. The motion imparted to the lathe is transmitted through the medium of the gearing just described to the carriages lil E, and together with the rotating cutters they are fed simultaneously and continuously toward the center ofthe log, thus reducing its diameter as the cutters remove the stock from its surface.

Upon the inner opposite walls of the bedplatcs or extensions A A are formed vertical guideways o o, in which uprights l I are arranged to have vertical movement. These uprights support at their upper ends the ends of a mandrel, J', which carries a series ot' thin l l l circular knives, pp, ot' a number sufficient to y divide or cut the surface of the log its entire i length simultaneouslyin one revolution. rlhis mandrel, with its knives, is arranged parallel with and beneath the log intermediate the two rotary cutters, and said knives cross-cut or act upon the surface of the log at right angles to the eut or action ot' the rotary cutters, and maintain a positive yet yielding contact with the surface ofthe log as it is being reduced in diameter. This contactis effected by aweight, IK, attached to a rope, r, which cncircles a drum, K', having end bearings in the inner walls of the bed-plates or extensions A A, and carrying end pinions, s s, which mesh with a rack, s', cut upon one edge of each upright l. This weight is heavy enough to give a continuous vertical adjustment to t-he uprights l I and enough pressure to force the sharp edges ofthe circular knives j) j) into the surt'ace ot' the log, which, revolving and driving the knives by frictional contact, causes its surface to be cut into bands or strips, which are removed as fast as formed by the rotary cutters.

The adjust-ment of the spaces between the circular cross-cut knives to obtain a product ot a desired length is cl't'ectedby means ol' collars 2)/ p, placed upon the mandrel .l between the knives, and in the event of a change desired in the length of the product these collars are substituted by others of a width relative to this change of length. The collars and the knives are clamped togetherI upon their mandrel by means ot' a nut, t, which fits over a thread cut upon said mandrel, as shown.

The machine as thus completed may be incased in a metal hood to confine the product eut from the log, and b v an exhaust-fan or other well-known means this product may be drawn or conveyed to a convenient place ot' deposit.

lt will be understood from the description given ot' my machine that its principal essential clements are a pair ot' rotary cut-ters actin simultaneously at op positc points upon the surface of thclog, and having a continuous automatic feed toward the same, and a series ot' circular cross-cut knives having a self-adjust ing positive yet yielding contact with the surface ot' the log; and it is evident that a variety oi mechanical equivalents maybe substituted Al'or the construction and arrangement which l prefer, and have described, without a departure from the gist ol' the invention. It will also be observed that in my machine the only manual labor and only attention required is simply that ol" imjainting the log and seeing that the driving-power is cut oil' before it is too late to prevent collision ot' the cutters.

Having thus described my invention,wliat l? claim, and desire to secure by Letters latent, is-q l. In a machine ol' substantially the character described, the combination, with devices for snpl'iorting and rotating a log of wood, ol' a pair ot" rotary cutters arranged to revolve in opposite directions and to act simultaneously at opposite points upon the surface otl said log, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a machine of substantially the character described, the combination, with devices for supporting and rotating a log of wood, ot' a pair of rotary cutters arranged to act simultaneousl y at opposite points upon the surface ot'said log, and mounted in hinged bearings on a pair of carriages arranged upon the bed ofthe machine, substantially as described.

3. ln a machine of substantially the character described, the combination, with devices for supporting and rotating alog of wood, and carriages supporting a pair ot' rotary cutters, of interniediate gearing, whereby said carriages and cutters are fed simultaneouslyand continuously toward the log, substantially as described.

et. In a machine ot'substantially the character described, the combination, with devices l'or supporting and rotating a log of wood, of a series ot' circular cross-cut knives having a self-zuljusting positive yet yielding contact with the surface ot' said log, substantially i and for the purpose set forth.

IIO

5. In a machine of substantially the character described, the combination, with devices for supporting,` and rotating,` a log` of wood, of a pair of rotary cutters and a series of circular knives arranged to cut the surface of the log its entire length at right angles to the cut of the rotary cutter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

(i. In a machine of substantially the character described, the cen1bination, with devices for supporting and rotating a log of Wood, of a pair of rotary cutters having a continuous automatic Iced toward said log,- at opposite points, and a series of circular cross-cut knives arranged parallel with and intermediate said cutters, and having a self-adjusting contact with the surface oi" the log, substantially as described.

'7. In a machine ol' substantially the character described` a mandrel carrying; a serles oi circular knives7 in combination with intermediate collars, substantially as'and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a machine o1" substantially the character described7 a mandrel carrying a series of circular cross-cut knives mounted in uprights, having` a continuous vertical adjustment by means of a drum, cord, and Weight7 and intermediate connected gearing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I a'lx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL S. W'EBBER.

Witnesses:

FRANK W. Pnoc'ron, GEORGE B. UrHAM. 

